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been updated since 1996. The new template is uptodate, and provides instructions inline with the new features found in gbootroot's Yard.master
freesource
23 years ago
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# $Id$ |
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# Example.yard |
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# |
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# Creates a minimalistic runlevel 2 root filesystem with getty. |
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# Tested on Debian unstable/testing, but should work on other distributions |
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# (Mandrake, RedHat, etc.) by using the proper inittab (edit) and getty. |
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# |
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# Create either as a normal user or root. When using genext2fs it's necessary to specify a |
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# root filesystem size larger than the actual size because genext2fs uses different accounting |
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# information than mke2fs. |
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# |
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# Works both with and without devfs, i.e devfs=nomount. |
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############################################################################# |
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# |
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# Format rules: |
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# - Lines beginning with # or % are comments. |
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# |
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# - Blank lines and whitespace are ignored. |
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# |
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# - Lines of the form "filename1 -> filename2" will create symbolic (soft) |
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# links on the root fs. For example, if you want sh linked to ash |
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# in the root fs you could specify: "/bin/sh -> /bin/ash". |
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# The literal output from the last column found when using `ls -s` |
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# may be used, or fictional links may be created, for instance, ashsa -> bash |
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# (In this case if /bin/bash exists on the system the link would be |
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# /bin/ashsa -> /bin/bash, otherwise /asha -> /bash) |
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# (There is no way to specify hardlinks, though hard linked files |
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# that exist on the hard disk will be hard linked.) |
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# |
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# - Lines of the form "filename1 <= Replacements/pathto_filename2" |
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# will cause filename2 to be copied to filename1 on the root fs. |
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# This is useful for specifying trimmed-down replacements for |
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# /etc/passwd, /etc/inittab, etc. For the above example, filename2 |
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# is found in its real path below the Replacements directory which is |
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# found in the default Replacements path of $HOME/yard/Replacements. |
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# Replacements may be specified in their absolute or relative paths |
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# (found using $PATH). |
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# |
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# - User defined paths may be specified in the Path Box (Edit->Settings->Path). These paths |
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# may be used to search for the relative paths for Replacements, links and files. |
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# |
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# - Glob designations (?, * and []) are generally allowed, eg /dev/hd[ab]* |
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# Wildcards are not allowed in link specs or replacement specs. |
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# |
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# - The $RELEASE variable which may be used to locate the modules directory can come from |
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# one of three sources, the kernel version returned from a selected kernel in the main section, |
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# a user defined kernel version in the ABS, or the value of `uname -r` returned automatically |
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# when the other two sources aren't specified. |
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# |
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# You don't need to specify shared libraries or loaders because |
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# necessary libraries are detected automatically. |
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|
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# You may choose between two behaviors for the treatment of NSS and PAM |
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# libraries. The old Yard behavior assumes that only the user knows which |
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# service modules they want to include in the file set, and tests (see Tests menu) |
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# may be run on the configuration files to show what isn't provided, |
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# so that the user can include the missing modules manually by editing the template, |
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# but the user still needs to figure out any dependencies since the modules are dynamically |
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# loaded. |
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# |
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# The new Yard behavior (default) assumes that the user does know what they want |
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# based on what the user puts in the NSS (nsswitch.conf) and PAM (pam.conf or pam.d/*) |
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# configuration files. The configuration files are then parsed and the corresponding |
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# service modules are included in the file set if they exist on the host system, tests |
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# (see Tests menu) can be run to find out which ones don't exist. The service modules are |
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# checked for library dependencies. What this means is that the user only needs |
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# to specify the configuration files in the template, and doesn't need to concern themselves |
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# with the service modules or libraries involved. The new behavior is recommended, |
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# but if the old behavior is desired switch off Edit->Settings->"NSS Conf" and |
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# Edit->Settings->"PAM Conf". |
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# |
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# You don't need to explicitly specify intermediate directories unless you |
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# just want to make sure they exist. |
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# |
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############################################################################## |
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# init - parent of all processes |
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## Consider being creative with init, for instance use ash, sash, or busybox as an init replacement. |
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# Choose an inittab to compliment the traditional init in the page below. |
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/sbin/init |
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/sbin/telinit |
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/sbin/shutdown |
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/sbin/halt |
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/etc/init.d/halt # make this into a replacement |
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/sbin/swapon |
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/sbin/reboot |
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/etc/init.d/reboot # make this into a replacement |
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/etc/rc <= Replacements/etc/rc.debian-min # need two of these and put them in init.d |
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# Login stuff .. password not used. |
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/bin/login |
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/sbin/sulogin # used by inittab.debian-min |
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/etc/securetty <= Replacements/etc/securetty.debian-min |
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/root/.bashrc <= Replacements/root/.bashrc.debian |
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/root/.profile <= Replacements/root/.profile.debian |
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/home/user/.bashrc <= Replacements/home/user/.bashrc.debian |
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/home/user/.bash_profile <= Replacements/home/user/.bash_profile.debian |
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/etc/hostname <= Replacements/etc/hostname |
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/etc/motd <= Replacements/etc/motd |
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# Important stuff |
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# |
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# Create->Replacements-> fstab. Edit file to use /dev/ubd/0 or /dev/ram |
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/etc/fstab <= ./Replacements/etc/fstab.new |
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# |
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/etc/issue # nice to have |
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# |
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# No password for anyone. |
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#/etc/group <= Replacements/etc/group.debian-min |
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#/etc/passwd <= Replacements/etc/passwd.debian-min |
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# |
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# Shadow password root=root user=user |
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/etc/group <= Replacements/etc/group.debian |
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/etc/passwd <= Replacements/etc/passwd.debian |
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/etc/shadow <= Replacements/etc/shadow.debian |
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/etc/login.defs |
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# Specify these binaries absolutely because boot scripts need them to be here. |
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/bin/echo # for inittab.debian.sample |
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/bin/mount |
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/bin/umount |
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/bin/cat |
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/bin/hostname |
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/bin/ln |
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/bin/ls |
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/bin/more |
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/bin/mv |
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##### SHELLS |
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# Bash is huge and requires libncurses.so. |
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# Most people use a smaller lightweight shell, like ash or kiss, |
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# and use that instead. |
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/bin/sh -> bash |
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# This could be made the init=sash |
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/bin/sash |
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# |
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/etc/profile |
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/etc/shells # Make sure ash is listed if it is used. |
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# PROVISIONS FOR PAM: |
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/etc/pam.d/login |
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# PROVISIONS FOR NSS |
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# If you use the old libc5, or uClibc you don't need this. Comment out this line. |
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# |
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/etc/nsswitch.conf <= ./Replacements/etc/nsswitch.conf.sample |
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##### INITTAB and GETTY |
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# Use one of these pairs, based on your distribution: |
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# Remember these aren't absolutely necessary. |
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# |
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#===== DEBIAN (1.1) uses a program called "getty" which is actually |
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# agetty in disguise: |
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/etc/inittab <= Replacements/etc/inittab.debian-min |
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/sbin/getty |
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# |
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# |
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#===== REDHAT (5.x, 6.0) uses getty |
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#/etc/inittab <= Replacements/etc/inittab |
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#/sbin/getty |
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# |
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# |
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#===== MANDRAKE (7.0, 8.0) uses mingetty |
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#/etc/inittab <= Replacements/etc/inittab.mingetty |
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#/sbin/mingetty |
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# |
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# |
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#===== SLACKWARE uses agetty: |
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#/etc/inittab <= Replacements/etc/inittab.agetty |
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#/sbin/agetty |
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# |
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# |
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#===== SUSE uses mingetty: |
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#/etc/inittab <= Replacements/etc/inittab.mingetty |
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#/sbin/mingetty |
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# |
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# |
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# If in doubt, check your /etc/inittab. |
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# |
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# In any case, check to make sure the *getty* calls in the inittab match |
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# the executable you're using. Yard can't check this and *getty* will |
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# hang if the arguments are wrong. |
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# Devices - for devfs=nomount the bare minimum required is an inital console, otherwise |
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# nothing is required. |
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/dev/console |
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/dev/ram* |
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/dev/mem |
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/dev/kmem |
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/dev/null |
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/dev/zero |
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/dev/tty[0-9] # nice for getty |
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## /dev/ubd0 <= Replacements/dev/ubd0 |
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##/dev/mem /dev/kmem |
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##/dev/null /dev/zero |
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##/dev/ram* |
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##/dev/hd[abcd]* # Hard disks |
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##/dev/ttyS[0-9] # Serial ports (new style) |
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# Optional devices. Uncomment the ones you want, but |
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# keep in mind that each device file consumes an inode. |
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##/dev/fd0* # Floppy disk drives |
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#/dev/*tape* # Tape device links |
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#/dev/*rft0 # Floppy tape devices |
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#/dev/st? # SCSI tape drives |
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#/dev/sd* # SCSI disks |
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##/dev/cdrom /dev/modem # Links to real devices, which will be copied |
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#/dev/mouse |
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##### utmp and wtmp. |
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# No need for this. |
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##### terminfo entries for programs which need terminal capabilities like vi and nano. |
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/usr/share/terminfo/v/vt100 # make these replacements |
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/usr/share/terminfo/l/linux # this too |
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# If you want to load a special keytable, add the filename here: |
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#/usr/lib/kbd/keytables/defkeymap.map |
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##### Empty directories |
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/proc |
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/tmp |
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/var/tmp |
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/var/log |
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/var/run |
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##### Special links |
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/etc/mtab -> /proc/mounts |
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##### MODULES and support programs for them. |
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insmod |
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rmmod |
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lsmod |
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depmod |
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modprobe |
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/etc/modules.conf |
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# |
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# The actual modules. You probably want to be more selective than this. |
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# Do an "lsmod" and include the modules you use. |
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#/lib/modules/$RELEASE/*/*.o |
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##### ESSENTIAL SYSTEM UTILITIES |
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# (your rescue disk may not boot if these are not present.) |
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chmod |
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chown |
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chroot |
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cp |
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df |
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id |
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mkdir |
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pwd |
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rm |
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stty |
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sync |
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uname |
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##### NON-ESSENTIAL BUT USEFUL UTILITIES |
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which |
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ldd |
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du |
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rmdir |
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less |
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dircolors |
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grep |
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tail |
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mknod |
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ps |
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touch |
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whoami |
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diff |
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wc |
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# Editors |
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vi |
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# Small, free, pico replacement. |
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nano |
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##### DISK AND FILE SYSTEM UTILITIES |
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fdisk |
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e2fsck |
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mke2fs |
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tune2fs |
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dumpe2fs |
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debugfs |
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e2image |
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badblocks |
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