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710 lines
24 KiB
<html>
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<head><title>gBootRoot</title></head>
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<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" link="#0000EF" vlink="#51188E"
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alink="#FF0000">
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<H1 align="center">gBootRoot</h1>
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<H3 align="center">at</h3>
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<p align="center"><A href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/gbootroot">
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<IMG src="http://sourceforge.net/sflogo.php?group_id=9513&type=1"
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width="88" height="31" border="0"
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alt="SourceForge Logo"> </A></p>
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<p></p>
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<P align="center">
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<b>bOOTrOOT</b> makes the development, construction, and
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testing of distributions fun and simple.</P>
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<br>
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<P align="center">
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<b>Download gBootRoot</b></P>
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<P align="center">
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<b>Newest version</b><br>
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<a href="http://freshmeat.net/redir/gbootroot/3075/url_tgz/gbootroot.orig.tar.gz">gbootroot source (type make to install)</a><br>
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<a href="http://freshmeat.net/redir/gbootroot/3075/url_deb/gbootroot_all.deb">
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gbootroot debian package</a></p>
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<P align="center">
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<b>Add-ons</b><br>
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<a href="http://freshmeat.net/redir/make-debian-x11/18842/url_tgz/make-debian-x11.orig.tar.gz">
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make-debian-x11 source (type make to install)</a><br>
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<a href="http://freshmeat.net/redir/make-debian-x11/18842/url_deb/make-debian-x11_all.deb">
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make-debian-x11 debian package</a>
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<p>
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<p align="center">
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<em>Users who use packaging tools which support apt should add these lines to
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their sources.list:</em><br><br>
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<align>deb http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/gbootroot ./<br>
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deb http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/avd ./<br></p>
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<p align="center">Older versions found at this
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<A href="http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/gbootroot/">site</A></P><br>
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<P align="center">
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<IMG ALT="" SRC="images/gbootroot.jpg">
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</P>
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<P align="center">
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<b>How to Use gBootRoot</b></P>
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<P><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/gBS.jpg" align="right">The most important button to
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familiarize yourself with is the Submit button which starts the whole process;
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dialogs are presented as the process continues asking you if you want to
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continue "OK" or stop "Cancel".</P>
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<p>
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The <u>first row</u> presently has only one Boot Method choice:
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"2 disk compression." Clicking on the menu on the right selects
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the Boot Method.</p>
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<P>The <u>second row</u> allows you to select the kernel for the Boot/Root set. You
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may either use the file selector button on the right hand side, or you may
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type in the location on the left hand side.</P>
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<P>
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The <u>third row</u> allows you to select the compressed filesystem you are
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providing, using either of the two ways mentioned before. You may use a
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pre-made root filesystem or you may create one using one of the Methods
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provided in the Advanced Root Section.
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</P>
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<P>The <u>fourth row</u> allows you to select the device you want to use. The default
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device is the first floppy disk - /dev/fd0.</P>
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<p>
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The <u>fifth row</u> allows you to choose the size of the device being used. The default size of 1440 assumes you are using a floppy drive
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(Note: You may
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want to experiment with 1722 which works fine with many floppy drives.), but
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can be used with other sized devices like tape drives. Click on the
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appropriate radio button to choose either gzip or bzip2 compression if the
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program doesn't automatically detect it.</p>
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<P align="center"><b>Verbosity Box</b></p>
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<IMG ALT="" SRC="images/verbosity_box.jpg" align="right">
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The <u>slider bar</u> on the right allows the output of the verbosity box
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to be
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changed from the highest (2) to the lowest setting (1) or to be turned off (0)
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or on again. At times it may be advantageous to turn off the
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verbosity box
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since large quantities of output to this box may cause gbootroot to use too
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much cpu power; however, output may still be found in the text file "verbose"
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in /tmp/gbootroot_tmp'time-date'.</p>
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<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
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<p><P align="center"><b>
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Using the Advanced Boot Section</b></p>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/ABS.jpg" align="right">
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Libraries & Binaries & Modules check boxes: Turn off and on the
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stripping of symbols. The stripping
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behavior for libraries may be changed by clicking on the right mouse button
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to change --strip-debug to --strip-all. Binaries default to
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--strip-all and Modules default to --strip-debug.</p>
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<p>
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"Devel Device" If the device used for development is different than the
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actual boot device, use this field to indicate that device. You will have to
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run lilo -v -C brlilo.conf -r "device mount point" manually at a later time
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on the actual boot device.</p>
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<p>
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"Opt. Device" Add devices to the boot disk which are necessary for the
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kernel to function properly. Put a space between each
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device. For instance, /dev/fb0 for frame buffer devices.</p>
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<p>
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"append =" Add append options to brlilo.conf. If you are using a frame
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buffer device you could add something like video=matrox:vesa:402,depth:16.</p>
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<p>
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"Kernel Module" Add the modules found in
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/lib/modules/kernel-version which are necessary for the Boot Method to work
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properly. If these modules aren't found in the modules directory
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it is assumed
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that they either are in the kernel or they do not exist. In the
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case of 2 disk compression, floppy needs to be included in the
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kernel or included as a module. Kmod inserts the modules, and
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kmod needs to be built into the kernel along
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with initrd and ramdisk."</p>
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<p>
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"Kernel Version" Override the kernel version number found in the
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kernel header. This will change the /lib/modules/kernel-version
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directory.</p>
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<p>
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System.map: When a non-running kernel is chosen it is important
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to include a copy of that kernel's System.map file so that depmod can use
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the correct set of kernel symbols to resolve kernel references in each
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module. This can be found in the kernel's source code after
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compilation.
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<br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
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<P align="center">
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<b>Using the Advanced Root Section</b></P>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/ARS.jpg" align="right">
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"Root Device" This is the device used for the root filesystem when
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constructing the Boot/Root set. You may choose a device which is
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different
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than the Boot device, but presently only floppy devices are supported.</p>
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<p>
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"Root Device Size" The size of the actual media used for the Root Device.</p>
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<p>
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"Root Filename" The name give to the root filesystem when
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initially made in the temporary creation location. The save
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button allows the creation to
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be saved in the permanent default location when the
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Accept button is pressed.</p>
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<p>
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"Filesystem Size" Root Methods make the filesystem the size
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which is specified here.</p>
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<p>
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"Compression" Off by default to allow user-mode-linux
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testing. Turn on
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compression when you are ready to use a Boot Method
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which requires compression.</p>
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<p>
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"Method" The root filesystem creation method.</p>
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<p>
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"Template" The template associated with a Root
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Method. Not all Root Methods
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have templates.</p>
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<p>
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"Generate" This puts the chosen Root Method in action.</p>
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<p>
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"UML" Abbreviation for user-mode-linux. This is a
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linux kernel which runs on
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top of the host system's linux kernel and allows a you run a live root
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filesystem.</p>
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<p>
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"Accept" This accepts the created root filesystem if it is
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found in the
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temporary creation directory. The UML box and the main section
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will now
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reflect the path to this root filesystem. You can now test with
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the UML
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button or a put together a complete Boot/Root set with the Submit button.</p>
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<br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
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<p><P align="center"><b>User Mode Linux Box</b></p>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/uml_box.jpg" align="right">
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"Xterm" Choose an xterm with its executable options switch.</p>
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<p>
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"Options" Enter uml command-line options like: mem=64,
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devfs=nomount.</p>
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<p>
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"Root_Fs" Choose an uncompressed root
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filesystem. Append with ubd?=.</p>
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<p>
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"Abort" Abort user-mode-linux kernel processes.</p>
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<p><P align="center"><b>
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About the Yard Box</b></p>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/yard_box.jpg" align="center"></p>
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The Yard Box is a Root Method which is "Generated" from the Advanced Root
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Section after a Template is chosen. It has several
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interesting features.
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<p>
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The check boxes at the bottom represent the different stages involved in
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creating a root filesystem. The behavior of these stages
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may be altered in
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three ways: Edit->Stages->one-by-one (default) will perform each stage
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sequentially, stopping between each stage, the user may continue the process
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by pressing the Continue
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button. Edit->Stages->continuous proceeds non-stop
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through all the
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stages. Edit->Stages->'user defined' allows the user to
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choose any stages the user wants, and will then proceed through all the
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chosen
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stages. Choosing only 'Check', 'Links & Deps', 'Create" is a good
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example.</p>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/tests.jpg" align="center"></p>
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<p>
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The behavior of some of the stages may be
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altered. For instance Alt-T allows
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you to choose which tests to run on the newly created
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root filesystem.</p>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/template_search.jpg" align="center"></p>
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<p>
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Press Alt-S to enable template text searching in either
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direction. Find exact matches or ignore case with
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the case sensitive check box.</p>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/file.jpg" align="center"></p>
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<p>
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Use Ctl-S to save the changes to an open template, and Alt-A to save the
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template with a new name. bOOTrOOT will not allow read-only
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templates or template links to be saved
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with their own name. A few of these example files are
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included. You may make changes to them or
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clear their buffers. Then you may save the template with a
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different name.</p>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/stripping.jpg" align="center"></p>
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<p>
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Edit->Settings->Stripping allows you to turn off/on stripping for
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Libraries, Binaries, and Modules. --strip-all is the
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default for binaries and libraries,
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and --strip-debug is the default for modules; however libraries may
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be changed to --strip-debug in the settings.</p>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/paths.jpg" align="center"></p>
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<p>
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Edit->Setting->Paths allows you to prepend a new search path to your
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environments $PATH variable.
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</p>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/filesystem.jpg" align="center"></p>
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<p>
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Edit->'File System" may alter the type of filesystem used to make the root
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filesystem. Because the filesystem is
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created on a loop device, some
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filesystem types may complain or not be created at all.</p>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/replacements.jpg" align="center"></p>
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<p>
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Edit->Replacements in your $HOME/.gbootroot/Replacements directory using
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an editor of your choice.
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</p>
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<p><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/create.jpg" align="center"></p>
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<p>
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Create->Replacements creates special replacement
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files. Presently it creates
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an fstab configuration file as Replacements/etc/fstab.new in
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$HOME/.gbootroot/yard/.</p>
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<P>Little things you may want to know:</P>
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<P>* gBootRoot requires ash for initrd. Ash is a feather weight version of Bash.</P>
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<br>
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<P><IMG ALT="" SRC="images/gBSicon.jpg" align="center"> <b>FAQ</b></P>
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<P><b>What does the 2 disk compression method do?</b></P>
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<P>This Boot Method creates a boot disk with lilo, a kernel and an initrd
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image. The
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initrd script mounts another root disk with a compressed (gzip or bzip2)
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filesystem.</P>
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<P><b>What's the advantage of using this program?</b></P>
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<p>
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(Explanation from the first gbootroot.)<br>
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"You can use a bzip2 compressed filesystem, this program is easy to use, and
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it provides a framework showing a simple initrd method which you can freely
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modify. I wrote this program as an extension to BootRoot
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which was written
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as a solution to help oster at EE (www.experts-exchange.com) create separate
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boot and root floppies for an emergency system for his customers."</P>
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<P><A href="./bootroot.html">BootRoot</A>
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was the original program, but I decided that a GUI approach
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provided the user much more versatility and power in creating
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distributions. Since the first gBootRoot,
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bOOTrOOT has become a full blown distribution creation program.</P>
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<P>If you make a cool change to this program, or if this program helps you I'd love to know, that's better than receiving pizza. :)</P>
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<P><b>How can I test gBootRoot?</b></P>
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<p>
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(Note: You may run all these tests as a normal user.
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See the exceptions which apply in the FAQ.)</p>
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<center><u>Test an existing mini distribution.</u></center>
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<P>1. Download
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<a href="http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/user-mode-linux/root_fs_tomrtbt_1.7.205.bz2">
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root_fs_tomrtbt_1.7.205.bz2</a> from
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<a href="http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/user-mode-linux">
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user-mode-linux</a> at Sourceforge to your
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$HOME/.gbootroot/root_filesystems. </p>
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<p>
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2. bzip2 -dc root_fs_tomrtbt_1.7.205.bz2 > root_fs_tomrtbt_1.7.205.
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</p>
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<p>
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3. Run
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gbootroot. Click on the Advanced Root Section (ARS), click on
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the UML button. Select root_fs_tomrtbt_1.7.205, add devfs=nomount
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to the options, and click on the Submit
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button.</p>
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<center><u>Create a boot and root floppy for an existing mini distribution.</u></center>
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<p>
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4. Click on the Advanced Boot
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Section (ABS). Root_fs_tomrtbt is about 16M, so add ramdisk_size=16384 to
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the 'append=' entry. From the main box choose '2 disk compression', and
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press on the Root Filesystem button and select root_fs_tomrtbt_1.7.205.bz2.
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</p>
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5. Click the Submit button on the main
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box. Have two floppy disks ready.
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<p>
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6. When you boot the boot disk you will see Lilo, you may access the menu using [Ctrl] and [Tab] to see the available images, or wait for the
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prompt to insert the root disk.</p>
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<center><u>Test a macro distribution created by make_debian-X11.</u></center>
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<p>
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7. Download
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<a href="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=9513">
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root_fs_debian_x11-(latest revision).bz2</a>. Then follow the
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instructions in the
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first three steps, but don't add devfs=nomount. This root
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filesystem was created with
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the make_debian-X11 script from the make-debian-x11 add-on found at
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<a href="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=9513">
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gbootroot's</a> Sourceforge home.</p>
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<center><u>Make your own micro distribution from an existing template.</u></center>
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<p>
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8. Click on the ARS if its not already opened.
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Choose Yard from the Method pull-down menu. Chosse Example-Mini.yard
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from the pull-down Template menu. Click on the Generate button.
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The Yard Box will pop up. Click on the Continue button
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until you reach the Create check box. You could continue to the
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tests, but they really wouldn't apply to this minimalistic example because
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there are no links or login type files in the template.</p>
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<p>
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9. Experiment with Edit->Stages from the Yard Box menu.
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Try different types of staging behavior, and notice the
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differences.</p>
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<p>
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10. Test your creation with the UML box as explained in step 3.
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You will want to add init=/bin/bash to the Options entry.</p>
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<p>
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11. At this point you will probably want to play around a little
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bit. Familiarize yourself with the Format Rules found
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near the top of the template. You may want to save the template
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with a different name and experiment with changes, or create a new template
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using File->New (Shortcut: Alt-N).</p>
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<center><u>Make your own mini distribution from an existing template.</u></center>
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<p>
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12. Choose Example.yard from the Template menu in the ARS.
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Save it with a new name.</p>
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<p>
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13. There are two types of inittabs provided for each major
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distribution type. The inittab with nodevfs appended doesn't use
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the
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device fs, i.e. the devfs=nomount kernel option. Uncomment the
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inittab, getty, and gettydefs (if required) for
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your distribution type. If you aren't using Debian and make sure to
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comment (#) out the corresponding stuff for Debian.</p>
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<p>
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14. The Example.yard template introduces you to Replacements like
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the inittabs described above.
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Replacements can be anywhere as long as they are either in an absolute path
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or found in $PATH
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(Edit->Settings->Path); the default location for users is
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$HOME/.gbootroot/yard/Replacements. For more information see the
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FAQ question
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"What are all these CVS directories doing in my replacements?"
|
|
Also, this template introduces you to links, $VERSION,
|
|
how library dependencies are automatically figured for binaries
|
|
and the automated
|
|
approach for finding service modules and dependencies for PAM and NSS.
|
|
Once you learn the format rules and how they are interpreted
|
|
by the program you will find that making your own templates is
|
|
quite simple.</p>
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|
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|
<p>
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|
15 Click on the Continue button until you finish the Space Left
|
|
stage. Adjust the Filesystem Size in the ARS to a size larger than
|
|
the Total space shown in the verbosity box. Create your
|
|
root_fs,
|
|
and make sure there was enough room left. You may have to adjust the
|
|
size and run Create again.</p>
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|
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|
<p>
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|
|
|
16 Now that you have a root filesystem you may continue to
|
|
the Test stage and observe what is missing. Next run the root_fs
|
|
from the UML box.
|
|
If things don't work correctly you will have to hunt down the cause,
|
|
make the appropriate changes and proceed through the stages again.  
|
|
If you only make a change to a Replacement, you only have to run
|
|
the Create stage again. If you make a change to the template you
|
|
have to run at least the Check, Links & Deps, and Create stages again.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<center><u>Make your own root filesystems from your own templates.</u></center>
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|
<p>
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|
|
|
17. Now that you have done your homework, I set you free to create
|
|
your own root filesystems from your own templates with replacements
|
|
of your own choice. Create a root_fs which can fit on a block
|
|
device, and then create an emergency disk customized for your own system,
|
|
or create your own customized macro distribution and run it from the
|
|
UML box to try things you never would have dreamed of doing on your host
|
|
system. And that is just the beginning of the things you can do.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P>
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|
|
|
<b>What are all these CVS directories doing in my replacements?</b></p>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
<b>Can I use a program linked to uClibc in the template?</b></p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
<b>What is make_debian, and how do I use it?</b></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
<b>How am I able to create root filesystems as a normal user?</b></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
<b>How can I create boot disks as a normal user?</b></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
<b>My root filesystem doesn't start in single mode when started like
|
|
this:  "bootdisk 1?"</b></P>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
When you start a kernel image with 1, you are telling it to start in runlevel
|
|
1, not in single mode. Use "single" instead.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
While on the subject, it should be pointed at the setting up init and its
|
|
runlevels is one of the
|
|
most challenging areas of creating a bootable root_fs. Often
|
|
your creation will only work with "single" until all the conflicts
|
|
are resolved. Things are complicated even futher by the fact that
|
|
devices can now be set up in two majors ways: tty? or ttys/? (devfs).
|
|
Fortunately, user-mode-linux comes in very handy for hunting
|
|
down all the bugs.
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b>There isn't enough room left on my 1440 floppy to make a Boot or Root
|
|
disk. Is there any way to free up more space apart from reducing
|
|
the size of the kernel?</b></p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Move the device size to 1722. This is a trick that <a href="http://www.toms.net/rb/">tomsrtbt</a> uses on his famous rescue disk.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
(Update 10/06/2001) <br>
|
|
Up until mke2fs version 1.19 you were able to do
|
|
`mke2fs -F /dev/fd0 1722` on a 1440 device without any problem, but since
|
|
then mke2fs has become much more particular about enforcing actual device
|
|
size. . Mke2fs will complain:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
"mke2fs: Attempt to write block from filesystem resulted in short write
|
|
zeroing block 1600 at end of filesystem."</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
I understand Theodore Ts'o reasoning for doing this, but I strongly believe
|
|
that the old behavior was very useful for people creating
|
|
mini-distributions so I have issued
|
|
<a href="
|
|
http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=468652&group_id=2406&atid=352406">Feature Request #468652</a> at e2fsprogs site
|
|
at Sourceforge. It should
|
|
be noted that fdformat is an unacceptable solution because it tends
|
|
to be machine specific, and the original mke2fs behavior made floppies that
|
|
worked
|
|
everywhere. Feel free
|
|
to add your comments to the Feature Request. Thanks.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
<b>gBootRoot doesn't start because it can't locate Gtk.pm?</b></P>
|
|
<p>This program requires Gtk-Perl available from <a href="http://www.perl.com/CPAN">CPAN</a>, <a href="http://freshmeat.net/projects/gtk-perl">Freshmeat</a> or most GNU/Linux distributions.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><b>If you roll the floppy density counter down to 0 and then try go back
|
|
up towards 1440 and 1722, you get very funny figures.</b></p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
This is because of the way Gtk works. There are two adjustments,
|
|
step and page increments. When you press your first mouse button the step
|
|
has been set to 282 so that a person can easily switch between 1440 and 1722.
|
|
When you use your second mouse button the page is set at 360. You can go
|
|
down to zero by pressing your third mouse button on the
|
|
down arrow. Now
|
|
page up with the second button to 1440 and step with the first button to
|
|
1722. Pretty cool, eh?</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Why we are on this subject please check out these keyboard shortcuts for Gtk.</p>
|
|
|
|
<P>Motion Shortcuts
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-A Beginning of line </LI>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-E End of line </LI>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-N Next Line </LI>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-P Previous Line </LI>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-B Backward one character </LI>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-F Forward one character </LI>
|
|
<LI> Alt-B Backward one word </LI>
|
|
<LI> Alt-F Forward one word </LI>
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<P> Editing Shortcuts
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-H Delete Backward Character (Backspace) </LI>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-D Delete Forward Character (Delete) </LI>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-W Delete Backward Word </LI>
|
|
<LI> Alt-D Delete Forward Word </LI>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-K Delete to end of line </LI>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-U Delete line </LI>
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<P>Selection Shortcuts
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-X Cut to clipboard </LI>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-C Copy to clipboard </LI>
|
|
<LI> Ctrl-V Paste from clipboard </LI>
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<IMG ALT="Larry Ewing's Penguin celebrates in gBootRoot." SRC="images/peng-movie.4.gif">
|
|
|
|
<br><br><br>
|
|
Contact me: Jonathan Rosenbaum <<a href="freesource@users.sourceforge.net">freesource@users.sourceforge.net</a>>
|
|
<br>
|
|
Submit a Bug: <a href="http://sourceforge.net/bugs/?group_id=9513">gBootRoot Bug System</a>
|
|
<br>
|
|
Join or browse the mailing lists: <a href="http://sourceforge.net/mail/?group_id=9513">gbootroot-{devel,user} mailing lists</a>
|
|
<br>
|
|
Ask a question: <a href="http://sourceforge.net/forum/forum.php?forum_id=29639">Help Forum</a>
|
|
<br>
|
|
Start a discussion: <a href="http://sourceforge.net/forum/forum.php?forum_id=29638">Open Discussion Forum</a>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
</body></html>
|
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